@inproceedings{schultz2019towards,
  title        = {Towards Restoration of Articulatory Movements: Functional Electrical Stimulation
    of Orofacial Muscles},
  author       = {Schultz, Tanja and Angrick, Miguel and Diener, Lorenz and Küster, Dennis and
    Meier, Moritz and Krusienski, Dean and Herff, Christian and Brumberg, Jonathan},
  year         = 2019,
  month        = jul,
  booktitle    = {{EMBC} 2019 -- 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in
    Medicine and Biology Society},
  pages        = {3111--3114},
  doi          = {10.1109/EMBC.2019.8857670},
  issn         = {1557-170X},
  keywords     = {brain;muscle;neuromuscular stimulation;speech coding;speech synthesis;decoding
    speech-related brain activity;physical speech production;decoded speech-related brain
    activity;eventual orofacial stimulation;functional electrical stimulation;synthesized speech
    generation;physical speech restoration;electrical stimulation;orofacial muscles
    stimulation;acoustic production;articulatory movement
    restoration;Muscles;Production;Electromyography;Spectrogram;Correlation;Electrodes;Brain},
  abstract     = {Millions of individuals suffer from impairments that significantly disrupt or
    completely eliminate their ability to speak. An ideal intervention would restore one's natural
    ability to physically produce speech. Recent progress has been made in decoding speech-related
    brain activity to generate synthesized speech. Our vision is to extend these recent advances
    toward the goal of restoring physical speech production using decoded speech-related brain
    activity to modulate the electrical stimulation of the orofacial musculature involved in speech.
    In this pilot study we take a step toward this vision by investigating the feasibility of
    stimulating orofacial muscles during vocalization in order to alter acoustic production. The
    results of our study provide necessary foundation for eventual orofacial stimulation controlled
    directly from decoded speech-related brain activity.},
  url          = {https://halcy.de/cites/pdf/schultz2019towards.pdf},
}